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A termite nest can be considered as being composed of 2 components, the inanimate and the animate. The animate is all the termites living inside the colony, and the inanimate part is the construction itself, which can be constructed from the termites. Nests can be broadly separated into three main classes: subterranean (completely below ground), epigeal (protruding above the soil surface), and arboreal (constructed above ground, but always connected to the ground via shelter tubes).184 Epigeal nests (mounds) protrude from the earth with ground contact and are made from earth and mud.

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Most termites construct underground colonies rather than multifunctional nests and mounds.186 Primitive termites of today nest in wooden structures such as logs, stumps and the dead portions of trees, as did termites millions of years back.184.

To build their nests, termites primarily utilize faeces, which have many desirable properties as a construction material. Other building materials include partially digested plant material, used in carton nests (arboreal nests built from faecal elements and timber ), and soil, utilized in subterranean nest and mound construction. Not many nests are observable, as many nests in tropical woods are situated underground.186 Species in the subfamily Apicotermitinae are great examples of subterranean nest contractors, since they only dwell inside tunnels.

Nests and mounds shield the termites' soft bodies against desiccation, mild, pathogens and parasites, in addition to providing a fortification against predators.188 Nests made out of carton are especially weak, and thus the inhabitants utilize counter-attack strategies against invading predators. .

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Arboreal carton nests of mangrove swamp-dwelling Nasutitermes are enriched in lignin and depleted in cellulose and xylans. This change is caused by bacterial decay in the intestine of their termites: they utilize their faeces as a carton building material. Arboreal termites nests can account for as much as 2% of above ground carbon storage in Puerto Rican mangrove swamps.

Some species build intricate nests called polycalic nests; this habitat is known as polycalism. Polycalic species of termites sort multiple nests, or calies, connected with subterranean chambers.107 The termite genera Apicotermes and Trinervitermes are known to have polycalic species.191 Polycalic nests seem to be less frequent in mound-building species but polycalic arboreal nests have been found in a few species of Nasutitermes.191.

Nests are considered mounds if they protrude from the earth's surface. A mound provides termites the exact same protection as a nest but is stronger.189 Mounds found in regions having torrential and continuous rainfall are in danger of mound erosion as a result of their clay-rich construction. Those made from carton can provide protection against the rain, and in fact can withstand high precipitation.

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By way of example, Cubitermes colonies build narrow tunnels utilized as strong points, since the diameter of the tunnels is small enough for troops to obstruct.192 A highly secure chamber, known as the"queens mobile", houses the queen and king and can be employed as a final line of my site defence. .

Species in the genus Macrotermes arguably build the most complicated structures in the insect world, constructing enormous mounds. These mounds are among the biggest in the world, reaching a height of 8 to 9 metres (26 to 29 feet), and consist of chimneys, pinnacles and ridges.56 Another termite species, Amitermes meridionalis, can construct nests 3 to 4 metres (9 to 13 feet) high and 2.5 metres (8 feet) wide.

The sculptured mounds sometimes have elaborate and distinctive types, such as the ones of the compass termite (Amitermes meridionalis and A. laurensis), which builds tall, wedge-shaped my response mounds with the long axis oriented approximately northsouth, which gives them their common name.194195 This orientation has been experimentally shown to help thermoregulation. The north-south orientation causes the internal temperature of a mound to increase quickly during the morning while avoiding overheating from the midday sun.

Termites construct shield tubes, also known as earthen tubes or mud tubes, that begin from the ground. These shelter tubes can be found on walls and other structures.197 Constructed by termites during the night, a time of higher humidity, so these tubes provide protection to termites from potential predators, particularly ants.198 Shelter tubes also provide high humidity and darkness and allow employees to collect food sources that cannot be accessed in any other way.197 All these passageways are made from dirt and faeces and are normally brown in color.

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They range from less than 1 cm to several cm in width, but might extend dozens of metres in length.198.

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Owing to their wood-eating customs, many termite species can do significant damage to unprotected buildings and other wooden structures.199 Termites play an important function as decomposers of wood and vegetative material, and the conflict with humans occurs where structures and landscapes containing structural wood components, cellulose derived structural materials and ornamental vegetation provide termites with a trusted supply of food and my blog moisture.200;Their habit of remaining concealed often results in their presence being undetected until the timbers are severely damaged, leaving a thin coating of a wall that protects them from the environment.201 Of the 3,106 species known, only 183 species cause harm; 83 species cause significant damage to wooden structures.199 In North America, 18 subterranean species are pests202; in Australia, 16 species possess an economic effect; in the Indian subcontinent 26 species are considered pests, and in tropical Africa, 24.

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